Cellular and Mitochondrial Health

The Power of Pairing Nicotinamide Riboside with Dimethylglycine

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Certain nutrient combinations can transcend individual benefits, amplifying efficacy to deliver new advantages for wellness. One such pairing that is gaining the attention of researchers is the combination of nicotinamide riboside (NR) and dimethylglycine (DMG). While each compound has unique properties and health benefits on its own, combining them in a supplement offers further synergistic advantages. To better understand the enhanced benefits when used together, this article explores the science behind combining nicotinamide riboside and dimethylglycine.


It Relates to Methylation 


Methylation might seem perplexing at first glance but, at its core, it simply involves attaching a methyl group - a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms (CH3) - to another chemical structure.1 So, why should methylation matter in the realm of health, and how does it relate to you?


The Body's Symphony


Within the intricate symphony of the body, methylation emerges as a pivotal conductor, orchestrating numerous physiological processes. As such, methylation and its counterpart, demethylation, are the mechanisms that regulate the activation and deactivation of biological switches across various systems in the body.2


From DNA replication to epigenetic regulation, methylation influences gene expression and cellular function. It serves as a guardian of liver detoxification, facilitates neurotransmitter metabolism, and fuels energy production and immune function.3, 4, 7


Fuelling Methylation: The Role of Methyl Donors


Methyl donors, the often-overlooked heroes of methylation, provide the necessary fuel for this biochemical orchestra. These compounds readily contribute methyl groups to the methylation cycle, ensuring its smooth operation. Some important methyl donors include folate, vitamin B12, SAMe and methionine.5, 6


Another critical methyl donor is dimethylglycine (DMG). This is due to its multifaceted roles in cellular metabolism, energy production, and overall health. Some key attributes that make DMG stand out include support of methylation pathways, enhancement of energy pathways, promotion of liver health, modulation of immune function, support of cognitive function and its role as an antioxidant.8, 


When dimethylglycine is plentiful, the methylation cycle hums along, safeguarding against the accumulation of homocysteine—a marker of cardiovascular risk. Yet, when dimethylglycine dwindles, the delicate balance falters, potentially compromising cardiovascular health, neurotransmitter function, and DNA methylation.9


Realising the Potential: Why Pair Nicotinamide Riboside with Dimethylglycine?


Nicotinamide riboside is understood to promote longevity by boosting NAD+ levels in the body. NAD+ is a vital coenzyme involved in various cellular processes, including energy metabolism, DNA repair, and gene expression regulation. By replenishing cellular NAD+ pools, nicotinamide riboside supports overall cellular health and resilience, contributing to its remarkable longevity and health benefits.10


However, as the body uses NAD+, it either makes more or gets rid of it. When it's eliminated, NAD+ turns into methylnicotinamide (MeNAM), which is removed in urine, using up important methyl groups.11


This process creates a greater requirement for methyl groups and that’s where dimethylglycine comes in. Supplementing NR with dimethylglycine serves three crucial purposes:


  1. Maintaining Optimal Homocysteine Levels: By supporting efficient methylation, dimethylglycine helps regulate homocysteine levels, mitigating cardiovascular risk and promoting overall well-being.8

  1. Enhancing Neurotransmitter Function: Adequate methyl groups are essential for neurotransmitter metabolism. Supplementing with dimethylglycine ensures neurotransmitter balance, safeguarding cardiovascular health and cognitive function.

  1. Preserving DNA Methylation: Efficient methylation protects against DNA hypomethylation, a process associated with inflammatory conditions and adverse health outcomes. Dimethylglycine plays a vital role in maintaining optimal DNA methylation and promoting longevity and wellness.

Conclusion:


In the intricate dance of cellular metabolism, the partnership between nicotinamide riboside and methyl donors emerges as a potent force for health and vitality. By harnessing their synergistic potential, individuals can harness a myriad of benefits, from cardiovascular resilience to cognitive clarity. As you embark on your wellness journey, consider the transformative power of pairing NR with DMG; an investment in your health that yields dividends of vitality and longevity.


References:


  1. Menezo Y, Clement P, Clement A, Elder K. Methylation: An Ineluctable Biochemical and Physiological Process Essential to the Transmission of Life. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 7;21(23):9311. doi: 10.3390/ijms21239311. PMID: 33297303; PMCID: PMC7730869.
  2. Neri F, Incarnato D, Oliviero S. DNA methylation and demethylation dynamics. Oncotarget. 2015 Oct 27;6(33):34049-50. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.6039. PMID: 26461852; PMCID: PMC4741426.
  3. Melnyk S, Fuchs GJ, Schulz E, Lopez M, Kahler SG, Fussell JJ, Bellando J, Pavliv O, Rose S, Seidel L, Gaylor DW, James SJ. Metabolic imbalance associated with methylation dysregulation and oxidative damage in children with autism. J Autism Dev Disord. 2012 Mar;42(3):367-77. doi: 10.1007/s10803-011-1260-7. PMID: 21519954; PMCID: PMC3342663.
  4. Miller AL. The methylation, neurotransmitter, and antioxidant connections between folate and depression. Altern Med Rev. 2008 Sep;13(3):216-26. PMID: 18950248.
  5. Vaccaro JA, Naser SA. The Role of Methyl Donors of the Methionine Cycle in Gastrointestinal Infection and Inflammation. Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Dec 29;10(1):61. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10010061. PMID: 35052225; PMCID: PMC8775811.
  6. Froese DS, Fowler B, Baumgartner MR. Vitamin B12, folate, and the methionine remethylation cycle—biochemistry, pathways, and regulation. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2019; 42: 673–685. https://doi.org/10.1002/jimd.12009
  7. Bekdash RA. Methyl Donors, Epigenetic Alterations, and Brain Health: Understanding the Connection. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 25;24(3):2346. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032346. PMID: 36768667; PMCID: PMC9917111.
  8. Barroso M, Handy DE, Castro R. The Link Between Hyperhomocysteinemia and Hypomethylation: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease. Journal of Inborn Errors of Metabolism and Screening. 2017;5. doi:10.1177/2326409817698994
  9. Liu YQ, Huang LH, Liu PP, Xing QB, Han F, Wang Q, Chen SR, Sugiyama K, Xiang XS, Huang ZW. Effect of NN-Dimethylglycine on Homocysteine Metabolism in Rats Fed Folate-Sufficient and Folate-Deficient Diets. Biomed Environ Sci. 2021 May 20;34(5):356-363. doi: 10.3967/bes2021.047. PMID: 34059172.
  10. Biţă A, Scorei IR, Ciocîlteu MV, Nicolaescu OE, Pîrvu AS, Bejenaru LE, Rău G, Bejenaru C, Radu A, Neamţu J, Mogoşanu GD, Benner SA. Nicotinamide Riboside, a Promising Vitamin B3 Derivative for Healthy Aging and Longevity: Current Research and Perspectives. Molecules. 2023 Aug 15;28(16):6078. doi: 10.3390/molecules28166078. PMID: 37630330; PMCID: PMC10459282.
  11. Hwang ES, Song SB. Possible Adverse Effects of High-Dose Nicotinamide: Mechanisms and Safety Assessment. Biomolecules. 2020 Apr 29;10(5):687. doi: 10.3390/biom10050687. PMID: 32365524; PMCID: PMC7277745.

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